Efficacy of Seed Treatment Insecticides against Major Early Season Sucking Pests on Cotton in the Middle Awash, Afar Region, Ethiopia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.12.01.124-131Keywords:
cotton, industrial crop, seed treatment, sucking pests, thiamethoxamAbstract
The sucking pest (whiteflies, aphids, cotton jassids, thrips, and cotton mealy bug) complex is a serious pest of cotton that causes a 22% decrease in yield. This research was carried out at Werer Agricultural Research Center in the Middle Awash of the Afar Region during the 2021 and 2022 cotton growing seasons to evaluate the efficacy of seed-dressing insecticides against an early-season sucking pest complex. Five treatments, including imidacloprid 70%, thiamethoxam 20% + metalaxyl - 20% + difenoconazole 2%, thiamethoxam 35% FS, thiamethoxam 25% WG, and untreated control, were evaluated in a randomized complete block design replicated four times. The results showed that the use of seed-dressing pesticides had a significant (P<0.05) influence on the populations of aphids, whiteflies, cotton jassids, and mealybugs. The thiamethoxam 25% WG was the most effective insecticide, with the highest pest reduction percentage and the lowest pest population resulting in significantly higher yield. This finding implies that thiamethoxam 25% WG can control early season sucking pests in cotton from emergence to six weeks in irrigated areas. Therefore, the use of thiamethoxam 25% WG as a seed dresser can be recommended as an option for controlling early season sucking pest complexes of cotton to prevent yield loss.
References
Abbas, N., Khan, M.A., and Ali, S. (2020). Impact of thrips on cotton growth and yield. Journal of Entomology 17, 45-52.
Amanet, K., Chiamaka, E.O., Quansah, G.W., Mubeen, M., Farid, H.U., Akram, R., and Nasim, W. (2019). Cotton production in Africa In “Cotton Production” (K. Jabran, B.S. Chauhan, eds.), pp 359–369. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119385523.ch17.
Constable, G.A., and Bange, M.P. (2015). The yield potential of cotton (Gossypium hirsutism L.). Field Crop Research 18, 98–106. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2015.07.017.
Dhawan A.K., Sari, S., and Anan, A. 2008. Relative toxicity of different insecticides against cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover. Environment and Ecology 26, 2067–2069.
Edula, S.R., Bag, S., Milner, H., Kumar, M., Suassuna, N.D., Chee, P.W., Robert C.K., Lavesta, C. H., John, L.S., Rajagopalbabu, S., and Phillip, M.R. (2023) Cotton leafroll-dwarf disease: an enigmatic viral disease in cotton. Molecular Plant Pathology 24, 513–526. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/mpp.13335.
EIAR (Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research). 2017. National cotton research program strategy for fifteen years (2016-2030) In “Developing National Cotton Commodity Long-term (15 years) Research Strategy Consultative Workshop. October 24-29, 2016”. pp 26-33. Addis Ababa. Ethiopia.
El-Naggar, J.B. (2006). Population density of certain early cotton season insects and associated predators influenced by seed treatments. Journal of Agricultural Science 13, 7423–7434. https://doi.org/10.21608/jppp.2006.235346.
El-Zahi, S.E., and Aref, S.A. (2011). Field evaluation of recommended insecticides to control bollworms on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover, and their side effect on associated predators. Journal of Pest Control and Environment Science 19, 55–68.
Ermias, S., Kemal, A., and Ferdu, A. (2013). Effect of insecticide rotation and mixtures use for resistance management on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera, Aphididae) in Middle Awash areas of Ethiopia. Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences 3, 569-578. https://doi.org/10.15580/GJAS.2013.3.061213667.
Geremew, T., and Ermias, S. (2006). “Cotton Protection Handbook.” Addis Ababa. Ethiopia. 70 pp.
Hafeez, F., Aslam, A., Iftikhar, A., Naeem, A., Akhtar, M.F., and Saleem, M.J. (2020). Field evaluation and economic assessment of different insecticides against cotton jassid, Amrasca devastans Dist. Journal of Innovative Sciences 6, 24-29. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17582/journal.jis/2020/6.1.24.29.
Hanif, K.M., Zubair, D., Hussain, S., Ali, M., Saleem, A.H., Khan, T., and Hassan, W.M. (2022). Biopesticides and insect pest management. International Journal of Insect Science 42, 3631-3637. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-022-00898-0.
Hassan, M.A., Khan, M.I., and Ali, R. (2021). Economic impact of sucking pests on cotton production: A case study. Agricultural Economics Research Review 34, 55-63.
Hong, L., Zhengqun, Z., Jin, L., Feng, L., and Wei, M. (2018). Thiamethoxam, clothianidin, and imidacloprid seed treatments effectively control thrips on corn under field conditions. Journal of Insect Science 18, 1–8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jisesa/iey128.
Kanwal, H., Dilbar, H., Naeem, A.M., Ahsin, A., and Imran, A. (2019). Toxicity of different insecticides against cotton whitefly (Bemesia tabaci) under laboratory conditions. Global Scientific Journal 7, 241-248.
Karolayne, L.C., Cristina, S.B., and Richard, V.S. (2023). Systemic insecticides in cotton plants: seed treatment, protection against early-season sucking insects, and their ecological selectivity with predatory insects of different feeding habits. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 17, 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11829-023-09981-w.
Kumar, K.J., Kumar, L., Sanathkumar, V.B., and Raveendra, H.R. (2020). Bio-efficacy of different seed treatment chemicals against shoot fly, Atherigona approximata Malloch infesting foxtail millet. International Journal of Chemical Studies 8, 476-480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i6g.10816.
Maurya, S.K., Maurya R.P., and Singh, D. (2015). Evaluation of thiamethoxam 70% WS as seed treatment against early sucking pests of tomato. Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, 763-767. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i2.680.
Maienfich, P., (2005). Synthesis and properties of thiomethoxam and related compounds. Naturforsch 61, 353–359. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1515/znb-2006-0401.
Moser, S.E., and Obrycki, J.J. (2009). Non-target effects of neonicotinoid seed treatments; mortality of coccinellid larvae related to zoophytophagy. Biological Control 51, 487–492. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2009.09.001.
Mustapha, A., Bhupendra, K., Krishnappa, C., Ankush, R., and Dhananjay, Y. (2022). Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) Management (WFM) Strategies for sustainable agriculture: a review. Agriculture 12, 1317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12091317.
Nurhussein, S., Ferdu, A., and Bayeh, M. (2023). Seasonal fluctuation of cotton mealybug Phenacoccous solenopsis Tinsley population on cotton in Middle Awash of Ethiopia In “Proceeding of Plant Protection Society of Ethiopia”, pp 109-198.
Prasanna, A.R., Bheemanna M., and Patil, B.V. (2004). Evaluation of thiamethoxam 70 WS as a seed treatment against leaf miners and early sucking pests on hybrid cotton. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences 17, 238-241.
Rabia, S., Muhammad, R,. and Ian, H. (2015). Impact of neonicotinoid seed treatment of cotton on the cotton leafhopper, Amrasca devastans (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and its natural enemies. Pest Management Science. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.4146.
Reay-Jones, F., Greene, J.K., Herbert, D.A., Jacobson., A.L., Kennedy, G.G., Reisig, D.D., and Roberts, P.M. (2017). Within-plant distribution and dynamics of thrips species (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in cotton. Journal of Economic Entomology 110, 563-75. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/tox131.
Sandhi, K.R., and Reddy, V.P. (2020). Biology, Ecology, and Management Strategies for Pea Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Pulse Crops. International Journal of Pest Management 11, 1–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jipm/pmaa016.
Sreenivas, A.G., Shobharani, M., Usha, R., and Vikram, V.M. (2019). Evaluation of new formulation of seed treatment chemicals for the management of sucking insect pests of okra. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 7, 805-809.
Tomizawa, M., and Casida, J.E. 2009. Molecular recognition of neonicotinoid insecticides: the determinants of life or death. Chemical Research 42, 260–269. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/ar800131p.
Torres, J.B., and Ruberson, J.R. (2004). Toxicity of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid to Podisus nigrispinus (Dallas) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) nymphs associated with aphid and whitefly control in cotton. Neotropical Entomology 33, 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1519-566X2004000100017.
Xiao-Rui, Y., Talha, T., Ling-Hang, G., Sheng-Yong, W., Liang-De, T., and Lian-Sheng, Z. (2023). Assessing the effectiveness of imidacloprid and thiamethoxam via root irrigation against Megalurothrips usitatus (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and its residual effects on cowpea. Journal of Economic Entomology 116, 1767- 1775. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/toad166.
Waqas, S.W., Shi, Z., Tian-Ci, Y., Xiao, R., Shoaib, A.Z., Elabasy, S.S., and Dao-Chao, J. (2021). Biology, ecology, and management of cotton mealybug Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Pest Management Science 77, 5321-5333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ps.6565.
Wondimagegne, C., and Abere, M. (2012). Selected physical characteristics of the soil of Middle Awash irrigated farmlands, Ethiopia. Journal of Agriculture Science 22,127-142.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All publications by Journal of Tropical Crop Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
