Water Requirement Estimation of One-Whorl Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.) Planting Materials
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.8.03.161-167Keywords:
crop coefficient, evapotranspiration, plant water requirement, rubber planting material, water balanceAbstract
Fulfilling water requirement is one of the important factors for a successful production of rubber tree planting materials. Research on the irrigation requirement for young rubber trees is crucial to determine the amount of water required for an optimum plant growth. The aim of this study was to determine the amount of water needed by one whorl rubber planting material to compensate the amount of evapotranspiration, as well as to estimate the crop coefficient value (kc). The research was conducted at the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute on July 2021. Daily evapotranspiration (ETc) of rubber planting materials of clone “PB 260”, “RRIC 100”, and “IRR 112” planted in polybag size 13 cm x 35 cm were measured by weighing the planting materials daily. Evapotranspiration for the reference crop was collected from the Indonesian Rubber Research Institute climatological station. Our study showed that the amount of water required by each rubber planting material was 92.21 mL per day per polybag when the mean of daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo) was 3.67 mm per day. Therefore, the crop coefficient (kc) of one whorl rubber planting material arranged sparsely was ± 0.32. This kc value can be used as a base to calculate water requirement of one whorl rubber planting material based on the daily reference evapotranspiration (ETo).
References
Ardika, R., and Cahyo, A. N. (2020). Soil water content below 33.7% progressively reduces the latex yield of rubber PB 60, a study in Sembawa, South Sumatra, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Crop Science 7, 97–103. https://doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.7.03.97-103
Ayutthaya, S. I. N. (2010). “Change of Whole-tree Transpiration of Mature Hevea brasiliensis under Soil and Atmospheric Droughts; Analyzed in Intermittent and Seasonal Droughts Under the Framework of the Hydraulic Limitation Hypothesis”. [Thesis]. Universite Blaise Pascal.
Cahyo, A. N., Ardika, R., and Wijaya, T. (2011). Water consumption and rubber production on various planting space arrangement system and their relationship with soil water content. Indonesian Journal of Natural Rubber Research 29, 110–117. https://doi.org/10.22302/jpk.v29i2.243
Cahyo, A. N., Babel, M. S., Datta, A., Prasad, K. C., and Clemente, R. (2016). Evaluation of land and water management options to enhance productivity of rubber plantation using WaNuLCAS Model. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science 38, 93–103. https://doi.org/10.17503/agrivita.v38i1.583
Cahyo, A. N., Murti, R. H., and Putra, E. T. S. (2020). Dampak kekeringan terhadap proses fisiologis, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg.). Warta Perkaretan 39, 57–72.
Cahyo, A. N., Stevanus, C. T., and Syafaah, A. (2020). Perhitungan kebutuhan irigasi pembibitan batang bawah karet berdasarkan neraca air di Sembawa, Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Penelitian Karet, 38, 37–48. https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.jpk.v38i1.689
Carr, M. K. V. (2012). The water relations of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis ): a review. Experimental Agriculture, 48, 176–193. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0014479711000901
Doorenbos, J., and Pruitt, W. O. (1977). “Crop Water Requirements”. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Fisher, D. K. (2012). Simple weighing lysimeters for measuring evapotranspiration and developing crop coefficients. International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 5, 35–43.
Kirkham, M. B. (2014). Field Capacity, wilting point, available water, and the nonlimiting water range. In “Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations” (S. R. Coombs, ed.). 2nd ed., pp. 153–170. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-420022-7.00010-0
Mangmeechai, A. (2020). Effects of rubber plantation policy on water resources and land use change in The Northeastern Region of Thailand. Geography, Environment and Sustainability 13, 73–83. https://doi.org/10.24057/2071-9388-2019-145
Mesike, C. S., and Esekhade, T. U. (2014). Rainfall variability and rubber production in Nigeria. African Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 8, 54–57. https://doi.org/10.5897/AJEST2013.1593
Saputra, J., Stevanus, C. T., and Cahyo, A. N. (2016). The Effect of El-Nino 2015 on the rubber plant (Hevea brasiliensis) growth in the experimental field Sembawa Research Centre. Widyariset 2, 37–46. https://doi.org/10.14203/widyariset.2.1.2016.37-46
SAS Institute Inc. (2002). “The SAS System for Windows” version 9. SAS Institute Inc.
Savva, A. P., and Frenken, K. (2002). “Crop Water Requirements and Irrigation Scheduling-Irrigation Manual Module 4”. FAO.
Stevanus, C. T., Ardika, R., and Saputra, J. (2017). The Effect of tillage and cover crop on soil physical properties and young rubber plant growth. Jurnal Penelitian Karet 35, 139–148. https://doi.org/10.22302/ppk.jpk.v35i2.357
Sutanto, S. J. (2011). Evapotranspiration calculation and determination of evaporation effect in the soil using stable isotopes (18O and 2H) and hydrometric measurements. Jurnal Teknik Hidraulik 2, 98–192.
Taiz, L., and Zeiger, E. (2002). “Plant Physiology”. 3rd ed. Sinauer Associates.
Waller, P., and Yitayew, M. (2016). “Irrigation and Drainage Engineering”. Springer International Publishing.
Weiss, O., Minixhofer, P., Scharf, B., and Pitha, U. (2021). Equation for calculating evapotranspiration of technical soils for urban planting. Land 10, 622. https://doi.org/10.3390/land10060622
Wijaya, T. (2008). Kesesuaian tanah dan iklim untuk karet. Warta Perkaretan 27, 34–44.
Wijaya, T., Cahyo, A. N., and Ardika, R. (2011). “Anticipation and Efforts to Cope With La Nina Climate Anomaly in Rubber Plantation”. The Role of Science and Technology on Climate Change Anticipation on The Perspective Sustainable Agriculture Seminar. Department of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
All publications by Journal of Tropical Crop Science is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
